A robust model for aggregated bidding of energy storages and wind resources in the joint energy and reserve markets

The high reliability and flexibility of Battery Energy Storage (BES) resources in comparison with other renewable technologies promote the development this technology smart grids. fast response BES to load variations could help power system operators maintain balance generation consumption real-time, improve grid, effectively. In work, a new model is presented that determines aggregated scheduling Wind Power Resource (WPR) joint energy reserve markets. To evaluate performance different markets, proposed divided into day-ahead real-time planning horizons. According market prices, ramp rates, marginal costs, technical constraints units, optimal participation levels markets are determined. deployed wind considered as uncertain parameters Robust Optimization (RO) framework manage related financial risk based on worst-case realizations parameters. robust strategy formulated Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) technique, which can be solved via branch-and-bound method. Finally, effectiveness analyzed case studies. Simulation results show best options for buying selling BESs, regulation service increases their profit, significantly. Furthermore, expected profit greatly depends preferences decision-makers, reducing variation interval by 40 % leads an increase 74.65 revenues.